Middle East

Saudi Arabia

Experience the captivating charm of Saudi Arabia, a land where centuries-old heritage beautifully melds with cutting-edge modernity, beckoning explorers to delve into its stunning landscapes, dynamic cities, and deep-rooted traditions. From the awe-inspiring vastness of the Rub’ al Khali’s golden dunes to the lively urban pulse of Riyadh, each destination unfolds its own unique narrative filled with wonder. Connect with the hospitality of its people as you indulge in the tantalizing tastes of authentic Arabian cuisine and immerse yourself in the rich culture that shapes this extraordinary nation. Whether your heart yearns for thrilling adventures, historical exploration, or an exquisite retreat, Saudi Arabia weaves a rich tapestry of experiences that are sure to inspire and enchant every traveler.

Saudi Arabia: green, a traditional color in Islamic flags, with the Shahada or Muslim creed in large white Arabic script (translated as "There is no god but God; Muhammad is the Messenger of God") above a white horizontal saber (the tip points to the hoist side); design dates to the early twentieth century and is closely associated with the Al Saud family, which established the kingdom in 1932; the flag is manufactured with differing obverse and reverse sides so that the Shahada reads - and the sword points - correctly from right to left on both sides<br />
note: the only national flag to display an inscription as its principal design; one of only three national flags that differ on their obverse and reverse sides - the others are Moldova and Paraguay

Saudi Arabia: Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Yemen

Saudi Arabia: Saudi Arabia map showing major cities as well as parts of surrounding countries and water bodies.

Comprehensive Travel Guide to Saudi Arabia

Overview

Saudi Arabia, the birthplace of Islam, is a country of stunning contrasts, from vast deserts and lush oases to modern cities and ancient archaeological sites. With its recent push to promote tourism through Vision 2030, the Kingdom offers unique experiences, combining tradition, culture, and modern luxury. Iconic landmarks like the cities of Mecca and Medina, the Red Sea coastline, and the futuristic city of NEOM make Saudi Arabia a must-visit destination.

General Information

Capital City: Riyadh
Population: 36,544,431
Currency: Saudi Riyal (SAR)
Official Language: Arabic
Time Zone: Arabian Standard Time (AST), UTC +3
Dialing Code: +966
Driving Side: Right

Language and Communication

Primary Language: Arabic
Commonly Spoken: English (widely understood, especially in urban areas and among the younger generation).
Helpful Phrases:
- Hello: السلام عليكم (As-salamu alaykum)
- Thank You: شكراً (Shukran)
- How are you?: كيف حالك؟ (Kayf halak?)
- Excuse Me: عفواً (Afwan)
- Yes/No: نعم (Na’am) / لا (La)

Emergency Numbers

Police: 999 or 911
Fire: 998 or 911
Ambulance: 997 or 911

Currency and Money

Currency: Saudi Riyal (SAR)
ATMs: Widely available throughout the country.
Credit Cards: Accepted in most establishments, especially in cities.
Currency Exchange: Found in airports, hotels, and major shopping areas.

Electricity and Plugs

Voltage: 220 V
Frequency: 60 Hz
Plug Types: Type G (UK-style plugs)
Adapter Needed: Yes, if your devices use a different plug type.

Best Time to Visit

Winter (November to February): Cool and pleasant, ideal for sightseeing and outdoor activities.
Spring and Autumn: Warm with occasional breezes, good for exploring deserts and cultural sites.
Summer (June to August): Extremely hot, but indoor attractions and coastal areas are still enjoyable.

Top Attractions

Historic and Religious Sites

Mecca and Medina:
- Non-Muslims are not permitted to enter these holy cities. For Muslims, performing Umrah or Hajj is a profound experience.
Diriyah (Riyadh):
- Birthplace of the Saudi state, featuring Al-Turaif, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Mada’in Saleh (Al-Hijr):
- Ancient Nabatean tombs and carvings, often called “the Petra of Saudi Arabia.”

Modern Marvels

Riyadh:
- Visit the Kingdom Centre Tower for panoramic views.
- Explore the National Museum for a deep dive into Saudi culture and history.
Jeddah:
- Stroll along the Jeddah Corniche and marvel at the King Fahd Fountain.
- Explore Al-Balad, the historic district with traditional architecture.

Natural Wonders

The Edge of the World (Jebel Fihrayn):
- A breathtaking cliff with panoramic views of the desert near Riyadh.
Farasan Islands:
- A pristine archipelago in the Red Sea, ideal for snorkeling and diving.
Asir Mountains:
- A lush, green region offering cool weather, hiking trails, and traditional villages.

Activities and Adventures

Desert Safari: Explore the Rub’ al Khali (Empty Quarter) or take a camel trek in the dunes near Riyadh.
Scuba Diving and Snorkeling: Discover coral reefs and marine life along the Red Sea coast.
Cultural Experiences: Attend festivals like the Janadriyah National Festival to learn about Saudi traditions.
Shopping: Visit traditional souks or luxury malls like Kingdom Centre in Riyadh or Red Sea Mall in Jeddah.

Food and Cuisine

Traditional Dishes:
- Kabsa: Spiced rice with chicken or lamb, considered the national dish.
- Shawarma: Marinated meat wrapped in flatbread.
- Mutabbaq: A stuffed pastry with meat, vegetables, or eggs.
- Ma’amoul: Date-filled cookies often served with Arabic coffee.
Dining Tips:
- Meals often start with Arabic coffee and dates.
- Many restaurants have separate family and male-only sections.
- Tipping (10-15%) is appreciated but not mandatory.

Festivals and Events

Janadriyah Festival (February):
- Celebrates Saudi heritage with traditional music, dance, and crafts.
Riyadh Season (October to March):
- Features concerts, sports events, and entertainment attractions.
Hajj (Annual):
- A pilgrimage that draws millions of Muslims from around the world to Mecca.

Shopping

Popular Souvenirs:
- Gold jewelry, oud (fragrant wood), and perfumes.
- Traditional Saudi clothing, such as thobes and abayas.
- Dates and Arabian coffee.
Best Shopping Areas:
- Souq Al-Zal (Riyadh) for traditional items.
- Mall of Arabia (Jeddah) for modern shopping.

Transportation

Public Transport:
- Riyadh Metro (under development) and buses are available in major cities.
Taxis and Ride-Sharing:
- Uber and Careem operate widely.
Car Rentals:
- Recommended for exploring areas outside cities; roads are well-maintained.
Domestic Flights:
- Essential for long-distance travel between major cities.

Safety and Health

Safety Tips:
- Saudi Arabia is generally safe, but follow local laws and customs strictly.
- Avoid public displays of affection and inappropriate clothing.
Health Tips:
- Drink bottled or filtered water.
- Required vaccinations: Meningitis (for Hajj/Umrah pilgrims).
- Summer heat can be extreme; stay hydrated and use sunscreen.

Suggested Itineraries

3-Day Itinerary

Day 1: Explore Riyadh, visit Diriyah and Kingdom Centre Tower.
Day 2: Take a trip to the Edge of the World.
Day 3: Visit Jeddah, explore Al-Balad, and relax by the Corniche.

7-Day Itinerary

Day 1-2: Discover Riyadh and its surroundings.
Day 3-4: Fly to Jeddah, explore historic and modern sites.
Day 5-6: Visit Mada’in Saleh and Al-Ula.
Day 7: Relax at the Red Sea or explore the Farasan Islands.

Travel Tips

Dress Code: Modest attire is required in public; women should wear an abaya and headscarf in some areas.
Local Etiquette: Respect prayer times; many businesses close during prayers.
Connectivity: SIM cards are available from providers like STC, Zain, and Mobily. Wi-Fi is common in hotels and cafes.

Conclusion

Saudi Arabia’s blend of historical, cultural, and natural wonders makes it a captivating destination for travelers seeking an authentic Middle Eastern experience. From the holy cities of Mecca and Medina to the futuristic skyline of Riyadh and the serene beauty of the Red Sea, the Kingdom promises an unforgettable journey.

Travel Resources